By Ogungbayi Beedee Adeyemi
Former Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari, a towering figure in the nation’s political and military history, passed away today at the age of 82 in a London clinic after a prolonged illness. His death marks the end of a storied career that saw him lead Nigeria as a military head of state (1983–1985) and a two-term democratically elected president (2015–2023). Buhari’s legacy, defined by his anti-corruption crusade and disciplined persona, remains a subject of intense debate among Nigerians.
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Born on December 17, 1942, in Daura, Katsina State, Buhari rose from humble beginnings, losing his father at age four. Educated in Katsina and trained at military institutions in Nigeria, England, India, and the United States, he built a distinguished military career. He served as Military Governor of North Eastern State (1975), Federal Commissioner for Petroleum Resources (1976–1978), and led Nigeria’s military government after the 1983 coup against President Shehu Shagari. His 20-month regime, known for its “War Against Indiscipline” and anti-corruption drive, jailed hundreds but faced criticism for authoritarian tactics, including press restrictions and detaining critics like Fela Kuti. Overthrown in 1985 by General Ibrahim Babangida, Buhari was detained until 1988.
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Returning to public life, Buhari chaired the Petroleum Trust Fund (1994–1999), overseeing infrastructure projects. His democratic journey began in 2003, with unsuccessful presidential runs in 2003, 2007, and 2011. In 2015, under the All Progressives Congress (APC), he defeated incumbent Goodluck Jonathan, a historic upset, and won re-election in 2019 against Atiku Abubakar. His presidency prioritized anti-corruption, security, and economic reform. Notable achievements included recovering over $300 million in looted funds and securing the release of 82 Chibok schoolgirls from Boko Haram in 2017. However, his tenure was marred by economic recession, persistent insecurity (98,083 conflict-related deaths), and human rights concerns, including a Twitter ban and extrajudicial killings.
Buhari’s frequent medical trips to London, including a 104-day stay in 2017, sparked debates about Nigeria’s healthcare system and fueled rumors of his death, which he debunked. His frugal lifestyle, rejecting lavish budgets, earned him admiration as an “icon of integrity,” particularly among northern Nigeria’s poor. Yet, critics, including former President Olusegun Obasanjo, decried economic mismanagement (dollar rate rose from N198 to N750) and failure to curb violence, with some X posts rating him poorly in security and human rights.
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Survived by his wife Aisha and ten children, Buhari’s death has elicited tributes and reflection. Supporters praise his infrastructure projects and incorruptibility, while detractors highlight economic woes and regional tensions. As Nigeria mourns, Buhari’s complex legacy—celebrated by some, criticized by others—continues to shape the nation’s political discourse.
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